Exploring Different Treatment Options for Drug Addiction

Diagnosing drug addiction (substance use disorder) requires a thorough evaluation, which often includes an evaluation by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or licensed alcohol and drug counselor. Although blood, urine, and other laboratory tests are used to evaluate drug use, they are not diagnostic tests for addiction. However, these tests may be used to monitor treatment and recovery. 

To diagnose substance use disorders, most mental health professionals use criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published by the American Psychiatric Association. 

Treatment: 

Although there is no cure for drug addiction, treatments can help you overcome your addiction and keep it going. Treatments vary depending on the drug used and any associated medical or mental health disorders. Long-term follow-up is important to prevent recurrence. 

Treatment Programs: 

Substance use disorder treatment programs typically offer: 

Individual, group, or family therapy sessions 

Focus on understanding the nature of addiction, eliminating drug dependence, and preventing relapse 

Level of care and setting (e.g., outpatient), residential and inpatient programs depending on patient needs Withdrawal 

Therapy: 

The goal of detoxification, also known as “detoxification” or withdrawal therapy, is to help you stop taking addictive drugs as quickly and safely as possible. For some people, it may be safer to undergo outpatient withdrawal therapy. Some people may need to be admitted to a hospital or residential treatment center. 

Withdrawal from different categories of drugs, such as antidepressants, stimulants, and opioids, can have different side effects and requires different approaches. Detox may involve gradually reducing the dose of the drug or temporarily replacing it with another substance, such as methadone, buprenorphine, or a combination of buprenorphine and naloxone.

Opioid Overdose: 

In an opioid overdose, a drug called naloxone is administered by emergency personnel and, in some states, by the person who witnessed the overdose. Naloxone temporarily reverses the effects of opioid drugs. 

Naloxone has been on the market for years and is currently available as a nasal spray (Narcan, Cloxad) or as an injection, but it can be very expensive. Seek immediate medical attention after using any delivery method of naloxone. 

Medication as part of treatment: 

After consulting with you, your health care provider may recommend medication as part of your treatment for opioid addiction. Medications do not cure opioid addiction, but they can help with recovery. These medications can help reduce cravings for opioids and prevent relapse. Medication options for opioid addiction may include buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone, and a combination of buprenorphine and naloxone. 

Behavioral therapy: 

Behavioral therapy (a type of psychotherapy) may be given by a psychologist or psychiatrist as part of your drug treatment program. Counseling is also available from a qualified alcohol and drug counselor. Therapy and counseling can be done individually, with families, or in groups. A therapist or counselor can: 

Helping people develop ways to deal with drug cravings 

Suggesting strategies to avoid drugs and preventing relapse 

Suggesting what to do if relapse occurs 

Work, legal issues , families Talking about relationship problems 

Developing better communication skills 

Dealing with other mental health conditions 

Self-help groups: 

Many, but not all, self-help groups provide self-help support. The group uses the 12-step model first developed by Alcoholics Anonymous. Self-help support groups such as Narcotics Anonymous help people addicted to drugs. 

The message of self-help support groups is that addiction is an ongoing disorder with a risk of relapse. Self-help support groups can reduce feelings of shame and isolation that can lead to relapse. 

A therapist or certified counselor can help you find a self-help support group. You can also find support groups in your community or on the internet. 

Ongoing treatment: 

Even after initial treatment is complete, ongoing treatment and support can help prevent recurrence. Follow-up care includes regular meetings with a counselor, continuing a self-help program, and attending regular group sessions. If it happens again, seek help immediately.

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